Kinds of Text – Report Text
Definition of Report Text
Generic Structure Of Report Text
Language Features Of Report Text
Contoh Report Text
Contoh Soal Report Text
Definition Of Recount Text
What is Report text
A report text is used to give facts clearly about a topic without unnecessary information or opinion.
Report text adalah teks laporan yang digunakan
untuk memberikan fakta secara jelas tentang suatu topik tanpa informasi atau
opini yang tidak perlu.
Generic Structure Of Report Text
A report text usually consists of three main
sturctures.
☞ Title
The title usually tells the readers about the topic of the report.
Judul berfungsi memberi tahu pembaca tentang
report apa yang sedang diinformasikan.
☞ General
Classification
This part gives information or the definition about the subject of the report. A report begins with a general statement. It tells the readers what the report is going to be about.
Bagian yang memberikan informasi atau definisi
tentang subjek dari report reks. Sebuah report teks diawali dengan pernyataan
umum yang menginformasikan pembaca tentang apa yang sedang disajikan dalam
teks.
☞ Description
This part gives important facts or features (parts, qualities, habits/behaviours) about the subject.
Bagian memberikan fakta atau ciri-ciri tentang
subjek report.
Catatan:
·
A report may have subheadings which tell
the readers what each paragraph or group of paragraphs is about. Dalam sebuah
report teks terakadang ada subjudul yang memberitahukan para pembaca tentang
apa setiap paragrafnya atau setiap subkelompoknya.
·
Photographs and diagrams can make the
report understandable and interesting. Gambar dan diagram bisa membuat sebuah report
teks (teks laporan) lebih dimengerti dan menarik.
·
Captions help readers to relate
photographs and diagrams to the text. Caption (judul yang berada dibawah
gambar) membantu pembaca untuk menghubungkan gambar dan diagram ke dalam teks.
Contoh Generic Structure Of Report Text
|
Tittle |
Trains |
|
General Classification |
A train is made up of
railroad cars, hooked together and pulled by a locomotive. Locomotives are
sometimes called engines. The types of locomotive engines most used today are
diesel-electric. Engines that burn diesel fuel drive generators that make
electricity. Powerful electric motors turn the wheels of a diesel-electric
locomotive. There are two types of train, freight and passenger trains. |
|
Description |
A freight train can
have as many as 200 cars hooked together. There are special railroad cars for
different kinds of freight. The boxcar has four sides, a floor and a roof. It
carries radios, television sets and boxes of cereal. Refrigerator cars work
like your home refrigerator. They are boxcars that are cool inside.
Refrigerator cars carry meat, fruit, frozen dinners and other food that must
be kept cold. The hopper car is open on the top. Hopper cars carry coal,
sand, gravel, and ore (rocks that contain metals). A flatcar has no top or
sides. It has a floor on wheels. Flat cars carry lumber, steel beams, huge
pieces of machinery, and other big items. Lifting machines called cranes load
cargo onto flat cars. Special flatcars carry cars, boats, and trucks. Passenger trains have
seats in rows along each side. They are made for long trips. They have seats
that can be made into beds at night. Trains that carry passengers over long
distances have special baggage cars to carry suitcases. They have dining cars
where people can sit down and eat. |
Language Feature of Report Text
·
Present tense (if the subject is still
present)
·
Past tense (if the subject is extinct,
e.g. dinosaurs, dodo)
·
Passive voice
Contoh Report Text
Contoh Report Text Singkat Dengan Terjemahannya.
Robots
The word robot comes from the Czech word Robota
which means labour or work. A robot is known as a machine that does the work of
a human being.
Robots are usually used
to do repetitive work which requires high precision. For instance, robots are
used to produce cars. Later, robots may also perform surgical operations on
humans. A computer could direct the procedure with excellent precision.
Meanwhile, human surgeons could control the progress by monitoring the
operation on a large video screen.
Soon, robots may also do
household chores, such as sweeping and mopping. Robots may also be designed to
do dangerous jobs like cleaning the site of a nuclear accident.
Terjemahannya:
Robot
Kata
robot berasal dari bahasa Czech kata Robota yang artinya tenaga kerja atau
kerja. Robot dikenal sebagai mesin yang melakukan pekerjaan manusia.
Robot
biasanya digunakan untuk melakukan pekerjaan berulang yang membutuhkan
ketelitian tinggi. Misalnya, robot digunakan untuk memproduksi mobil. Nantinya,
robot juga dapat melakukan operasi pembedahan pada manusia. Komputer dapat
mengarahkan prosedur dengan presisi yang sangat baik. Sementara itu, ahli bedah
manusia dapat mengontrol kemajuan dengan memantau operasi di layar video besar.
Segera,
robot juga dapat melakukan pekerjaan rumah tangga, seperti menyapu dan
mengepel. Robot juga dapat dirancang untuk melakukan pekerjaan berbahaya
seperti membersihkan lokasi kecelakaan nuklir.
Contoh Report Text Tentang Hewan dan Terjemahannya
Grasshopper
Grasshoppers are insects. People also call them
short-horned grasshopper because they do not have any nose. We can find about
10,000 different species in many different parts of the world.
Like most insects, they
lay eggs. Once the eggs hatch, they change into nymphs. They look like little
adults, but don't have any wings and reproductive organs. The outer layer of
their body will get harder when they grow older. Grasshoppers' colours are
mostly green, brown, or olive-green.
A grasshopper's body is
covered by a hard exoskeleton. It consists of the head, thorax, and abdomen.
Grasshoppers have a series of holes located along the side of the body. They
are called spiracles. Spiracles help grasshoppers to breathe.
Grasshoppers are able to
hop, walk, and fly. They hop with their long hind legs. They use their short
front legs to grasp their prey and to walk. When grasshoppers rub their back
legs together, they will make noise.
Grasshoppers eat plants.
In the ecosystem, their predators include birds, insects, and reptiles.
Grasshoppers' eggs are also eaten by some flies.
Terjemahannya:
Belalang
Belalang
adalah serangga. Orang juga menyebut mereka belalang tanduk pendek karena tidak
memiliki hidung. Kita dapat menemukan sekitar 10.000 spesies berbeda di
berbagai belahan dunia.
Seperti
kebanyakan serangga, mereka bertelur. Setelah telur menetas, mereka berubah
menjadi nimfa. Mereka terlihat seperti orang dewasa kecil, tetapi tidak
memiliki sayap dan organ reproduksi. Lapisan luar tubuh mereka akan semakin
keras saat mereka bertambah tua. Warna belalang kebanyakan hijau, coklat, atau
hijau zaitun.
Tubuh
belalang ditutupi oleh kerangka luar yang keras. Terdiri dari kepala, dada, dan
perut. Belalang memiliki sederet lubang yang terletak di sepanjang sisi tubuh.
Mereka disebut spirakel. Spirakel membantu belalang bernafas.
Belalang
bisa melompat, berjalan, dan terbang. Mereka melompat dengan kaki belakangnya
yang panjang. Mereka menggunakan kaki depan yang pendek untuk menangkap
mangsanya dan berjalan. Saat belalang menggosok kaki belakangnya, mereka akan membuat
suara.
Belalang
memakan tumbuhan. Dalam ekosistem, predatornya termasuk burung, serangga, dan
reptil. Telur belalang juga dimakan oleh beberapa lalat.
Contoh Report Text Tentang Tempat
Landmark
Landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial
feature used for navigation. This feature usually stands out from its near
environment and is often visible from long distances. In modern use, the term
“landmark” can also be applied to smaller structures or features becoming local
or national symbols.
Landmarks are usually
classified into both natural landmarks and man-made landmarks. Natural
landmarks can be characteristic features, such as mountains or plateaus. Examples
of natural landmarks are Table Mountain in South Africa, Uluru in Australia,
and Mount Fuji in Japan. Trees might also serve as local landmarks. Some
landmark trees may be nicknamed, examples being Queen’s Oak, Hanging Oak or
Centennial Tree.
In modern sense,
landmarks are usually referred to monuments or distinctive buildings, used as
the symbol of a certain area such as the Statue of Liberty in New York City,
Eiffel tower in Paris, Big Ben in London, etc.
Church spires and mosque’s minarets are often
very tall and visible from many miles around. Thus, these various buildings
often serve as man-made landmarks.
Terjemahannya:
Landmark
Landmark
adalah fitur alami atau buatan yang dapat dikenali yang digunakan untuk
navigasi. Fitur ini biasanya menonjol dari lingkungan dekatnya dan sering
terlihat dari jarak jauh. Dalam penggunaan modern, istilah "tengara"
juga dapat diterapkan pada bangunan atau fitur yang lebih kecil yang menjadi
simbol lokal atau nasional.
Landmark
biasanya diklasifikasikan menjadi landmark alam dan landmark buatan manusia.
Landmark alam dapat berupa ciri khas, seperti pegunungan atau dataran tinggi.
Contoh landmark alam adalah Gunung Meja di Afrika Selatan, Uluru di Australia,
dan Gunung Fuji di Jepang. Pohon mungkin juga berfungsi sebagai landmark lokal.
Beberapa pohon tengara dapat diberi julukan, contohnya adalah Queen's Oak,
Hanging Oak atau Centennial Tree.
Dalam
pengertian modern, landmark biasanya disebut monumen atau bangunan khas,
digunakan sebagai lambang suatu daerah tertentu seperti Patung Liberty di New
York City, menara Eiffel di Paris, Big Ben di London, dll.
Menara
gereja dan menara masjid seringkali sangat tinggi dan terlihat dari jarak
bermil-mil. Karenanya, berbagai bangunan ini sering dijadikan landmark buatan
manusia.
Contoh Report Text Tentang Hewan (about panda)
Panda or also known as “Giant Panda” or “Panda
Bear” is a species of bear originated from Central China. The most distinguishable
things from them are the black and white patterns of the body and alo the black
fur encircling their eyes. They consume bamboo as their main diet but they also
eat other grasses, wild tubers, birds, rodents, honey, eggs, fish, oranges and
banana occassionally.
Panda have two legs and
two hands. Although they can stand on two feet, but most of the time they are
just like any other bears who walked on both hands and legs. They have five
fingers and a thumb on their paws. The thumb is a modified bone that help them
to hold bamboo while eating. The fur around their belly is white while the fur
around their chest, hands, legs and ears are black.
An adult panda can reach
the size of 1,2 to 1,9 m long from nose to tail. The tail is about 10 to 15 cm
long. The body height of an adult panda can reach 60 to 90 cm and their body
weight can reach 160 kg. They can live up to 20 years in the wild and about 30
years in captivity. They are a solitary animal who has a defined territory.
They communicate to each other by making sound and through scent marking.
Terjemahannya:
Panda atau yang juga dikenal dengan sebutan
“Panda Raksasa” atau “Beruang Panda” adalah salah satu jenis beruang yang berasal
dari Tiongkok Tengah. Hal yang paling membedakan dari mereka adalah pola hitam
dan putih pada tubuh dan hanya bulu hitam yang melingkari mata mereka. Mereka
mengkonsumsi bambu sebagai makanan utama mereka tetapi mereka juga makan rumput
lain, umbi-umbian liar, burung, tikus, madu, telur, ikan, jeruk dan pisang
sesekali.
Panda memiliki dua kaki
dan dua tangan. Meskipun mereka dapat berdiri dengan dua kaki, tetapi sebagian
besar waktu mereka sama seperti beruang lainnya yang berjalan dengan kedua tangan
dan kaki. Mereka memiliki lima jari dan satu ibu jari di kaki mereka. Ibu jari
adalah tulang modifikasi yang membantu mereka memegang bambu saat makan. Bulu
di sekitar perut mereka berwarna putih sedangkan bulu di sekitar dada, tangan,
kaki dan telinga berwarna hitam.
Seekor panda dewasa bisa
mencapai ukuran 1,2 hingga 1,9 m dari hidung hingga ekor. Ekornya panjangnya
sekitar 10 sampai 15 cm. Tinggi badan panda dewasa bisa mencapai 60 hingga 90
cm dan berat badannya bisa mencapai 160 kg. Mereka dapat hidup hingga 20 tahun
di alam liar dan sekitar 30 tahun di penangkaran. Mereka adalah hewan soliter
yang memiliki wilayah tertentu. Mereka berkomunikasi satu sama lain dengan
membuat suara dan melalui penandaan aroma.
Contoh Soal Report Text Kelas 9 SMP – Report Text Multiple Choice
Choose the correct answer.
The following text is for questions 1 to 7.
The shark, who plays an important role in
maintaining ecosystems, is a fish that lives in the sea, particularly in warm
waters. Like all fish, sharks breathe through their gills.
There are about 375
species of sharks. The smallest shark is called the dwarf dogfish, less than 20
centimetres long. The huge whale shark can be more than 15 metres long. Sharks
usually eat fish and shellfish, but great white sharks sometimes eat seals,
dolphins, whales, and other marine mammals.
Sharks are vertebrates,
animals with a backbone. However, a shark's skeleton is not made of bone. It is
made of a bendable material called cartilage. A shark's teeth are set into its
gums. While eating, a shark often loses teeth. But, there are always rows of
new teeth growing behind the first set. As a shark loses teeth, new ones move
forward to replace them.
1. What
is the smallest species of sharks?
A. Great
White shark.
B. Dwarf
dogfish.
C. Whale
shark.
D. Bull
shark.
2. Where
do sharks live?
A. In
shallow water.
B. In
warm water.
C. In
cold water.
D. In
hot water.
3. What
is paragraph 3 about?
A. The
differences and similarities of sharks and fish.
B. The
physical description of sharks.
C. The
habitat of sharks.
D. The
blood of sharks.
4. What
happens when a shark loses its tooth?
A. A
new tooth will replace it.
B. The
shark will have no tooth.
C. There
will be a hole in the tooth.
D. The
shark will not be able to eat.
5. What
do sharks eat?
A. Fish,
human beings, shellfish, and whales.
B. Fish,
vegetables, shellfish, and planktons.
C. Fish,
shellfish, plankton, and other sharks.
D. Fish,
shellfish, seals, dolphins, and whales.
6. How
do sharks breathe?
A. Through
their skin.
B. Through
their gills.
C. Through
their lungs.
D. Through
the hole on their head.
7. ".
. . an important role in maintaining ecosystems . . . ." (Paragraph
1) The underlined word means . . . .
A. all
human beings living in a small area
B. all
the plants and living creatures in the world
C. all
human beings, plants, and animals in the world
D. all
the plants and living creatures in a particular area
The following text is for questions 8 to 12.
Eucalyptus Eucalyptus
(Eucalyptus globulus) is a tall evergreen tree native to Australia and
Tasmania. The leaves and oil of the eucalyptus plant are used for medicinal
purposes. Eucalyptus oil consists of volatile oil extracted from fresh leaves
and branch tops of the eucalyptus plant. Topical ointments which contain
eucalyptus oil have been used in traditional Aboriginal medicines to heal
wounds and fungal infections.
There are many species
of eucalyptus. Some are the size of an ornamental shrub and some grow to be
giant trees. The type of eucalyptus that is most often used medicinally is
called blue gum or Australian fever tree. It can grow as high as 230 feet. Its
4-12 inch leaves are dark green and shiny. Its blue-gray bark peels to reveal a
cream-coloured inner bark.
Teas containing
eucalyptus leaves were also used to reduce fevers. The therapeutic uses of
eucalyptus soon spread to other traditional medicine systems, including
Chinese, Indian and Greco-European.
8. Where
is Eucalyptus originally from?
A. Asia.
B. Africa.
C. America.
D. Australia.
9. What
kind of eucalyptus is used for medicine?
A. Ornamental
shrub.
B. Giant
trees.
C. Blue
gum.
D. Red
fever.
10. ".
. . the volatile oil extracted . . . ." (Paragraph 1) The
underlined word means . . . .
A. substance
that changes quickly
B. expensive
and valuable plant
C. plants
used for medicine
D. liquid
substance
11. Which
tribe used teas containing eucalyptus leaves?
A. Aborigine.
B. Mohican.
C. African.
D. Inca.
12. What
is paragraph 2 about?
A. Kinds
of eucalyptus.
B. The
size of eucalyptus.
C. The
height of eucalyptus.
D. How
to take care of eucalyptus.
The following text is for questions 13 to 19.
Hotels
A hotel is a commercial place that provides
lodging, food and other services to people. There are three kinds of hotels
according to location, facilities, services offered and clientele served. They
are transient hotel, resort hotel and residential hotel.
Transient Hotel
A transient hotel is usually located within city
boundaries. It is usually intended for businessmen and travellers. It provides
numerous amenities in addition to sleeping accommodation, including maid
services, radio and television, parking space for automobiles, recreational
facilities, food and beverage services and retail shops.
Resort Hotel
A resort hotel is usually located in seaside,
lake, or mountain areas. Its target is tourists and holidays. It provides all
hotel services plus recreational and athletic activities. In recent years, the
hotel industry has experienced tremendous growth as a result of the increase in
tourism in resort areas, such as the Caribbean islands, the Mediterranean
region and Hawaii.
Residential Hotel
A residential hotel caters to permanent
residents rather than to travellers. These hotels are similar to apartment
buildings except that they provide maid and valet service and often have dining
facilities. Lodgings are available on a weekly, monthly or yearly basis.
13. What
does the text tell us about?
A. Hotels
in general.
B. Hotels
in big cities.
C. Hotels
with luxurious facilities.
D. Hotels
in certain areas of the world.
14. Hotels
can be classified based on . . . .
A. their
location, facilities, services offered and clientele served
B. their
number of rooms available and the location
C. their
location and the types of visitors
D. their
facilities and their working days
15. Where
can we find a transient hotel?
A. Within
city boundaries.
B. Near
tourism objects.
C. Downtown
in cities.
D. Inside
a big city.
16. Which
of the following is NOT TRUE according to the text?
A. Residential
hotels often provide maid and valet services.
B. Resorts
hotels are usually located near business centres.
C. Transient
hotels are intended for businessmen and travellers.
D. Many
hotels and motels provide radio and television for the visitors.
17. ".
, the hotel industry has experienced tremendous growth . . . “. The
synonym of the underlined word is . . . .
A. marvellous
B. lovely
C. large
D. wide
18. "The
residential hotel caters to permanent . . " The underlined word
means
A. help
people
B. give
things owned
C. provide
the things needed
D. prepare
the things in advance
19. What
is the difference between residential hotels and transient hotels?
A. Residential
hotels have more rooms than transient hotels.
B. Residential
hotels have lower room rates than transient hotels do.
C. Residential
hotels are prepared for temporary stays, while transient hotels are for
permanent stays.
D. Residential
hotels are prepared for permanent stays, while transient hotels are for
temporary stays.
The following text is for questions 20 to 26.
Trains
A train is made up of railroad cars, hooked
together and pulled by a locomotive. Locomotives are sometimes called engines.
The types of locomotive engines most used today are diesel-electric. Engines
that burn diesel fuel drive generators that make electricity. Powerful electric
motors turn the wheels of a diesel-electric locomotive. There are two types of
train, freight and passenger trains.
A freight train can have
as many as 200 cars hooked together. There are special railroad cars for
different kinds of freight. The boxcar has four sides, a floor and a roof. It
carries radios, television sets and boxes of cereal. Refrigerator cars work
like your home refrigerator. They are boxcars that are cool inside.
Refrigerator cars carry meat, fruit, frozen dinners and other food that must be
kept cold. The hopper car is open on the top. Hopper cars carry coal, sand,
gravel, and ore (rocks that contain metals). A flatcar has no top or sides. It
has a floor on wheels. Flat cars carry lumber, steel beams, huge pieces of
machinery, and other big items. Lifting machines called cranes load cargo onto
flat cars. Special flatcars carry cars, boats, and trucks.
Passenger trains have
seats in rows along each side. They are made for long trips. They have seats
that can be made into beds at night. Trains that carry passengers over long
distances have special baggage cars to carry suitcases. They have dining cars
where people can sit down and eat.
20. What
kind of cars carry people?
A. Refrigerator
cars.
B. Passenger
cars.
C. Hopper
cars.
D. Freight
cars.
21. What
types of locomotive engines are mostly used today?
A. Electric.
B. Coal
stove.
C. Diesel
fuel.
D. Diesel
electric.
22. Which
freight car is used to carry sand?
A. Boxcar.
B. Tank
car.
C. Hopper
car.
D. Refrigerator
car.
23. "Flat
cars carry lumber,. .. " (Paragraph 2) The underlined word has
similar meaning to . .
A. timber
B. steel
C. Coal
D. iron
24. What
is a special flat car for?
A. For
carrying passengers.
B. For
carrying vehicles.
C. For
moving animals.
D. For
taking lumber.
25. Where
do passengers have meal?
A. The
flat cars.
B. The
dining cars.
C. The
locomotives.
D. The
refrigerator cars.
26. What
is the text about?
A. A
certain train in a modern country.
B. A
certain train for a special need.
C. Trains
and their prices.
D. Trains
in general.
The following text is for questions 27 to 31.
Grasshopper
Grasshoppers are insects. People also call them
short-horned grasshopper because they do not have any nose. We can find about
10,000 different species in many different parts of the world.
Like most insects, they
lay eggs. Once the eggs hatch, they change into nymphs. They look like little
adults, but don't have any wings and reproductive organs. The outer layer of
their body will get harder when they grow older. Grasshoppers' colours are
mostly green, brown, or olive-green.
A grasshopper's body is
covered by a hard exoskeleton. It consists of the head, thorax, and abdomen.
Grasshoppers have a series of holes located along the side of the body. They
are called spiracles. Spiracles help grasshoppers to breathe.
Grasshoppers are able to
hop, walk, and fly. They hop with their long hind legs. They use their short
front legs to grasp their prey and to walk. When grasshoppers rub their back
legs together, they will make noise.
Grasshoppers eat plants.
In the ecosystem, their predators include birds, insects, and reptiles.
Grasshoppers' eggs are also eaten by some flies.
27. The
text mainly tells us about . . .
A. grasshoppers
in general
B. the
diet of a grasshopper
C. grasshoppers
and their predators
D. the
breeding system of a grasshopper
28. What
does the third paragraph tell us about?
A. The
breeding system of grasshoppers.
B. The
anatomy of grasshoppers.
C. The
species of grasshoppers.
D. The
diet of grasshoppers.
29. How
do grasshoppers make noise?
A. By
rubbing their back legs together.
B. By
making noise from their mouth.
C. By
hopping here and there.
D. By
rubbing their antennae.
30. ".
. . , their predators include birds, insects, and reptiles." The
underlined word means .
A. animals
with feathers
B. animals
with scales and fins
C. wild
animals with sharp fangs
D. animals
with sharp spiky hair to protect themselves
31. The
text might be useful for . . .
A. fishermen
B. farmers
C. writers
D. chefs
The following text is for questions 32 to 36.
Lavender
Lavender (lavare) means to wash' in
Latin. In the past, people used lavender to bathe. But now, many people use
this as scent ingredients 0 in many
products such as detergent, soap and shampoo.
Lavender originally
grows in Mediterranean mountain zones since it grows well in a stony and sunny
habitat. Nowadays, lavender is wide spread to Southern Europe, United States,
Australia, and Indonesia also.
Lavender can grow up to
60 centimetres. It is a short bush with branches that has broad rootstock. The
rootstock produces upright, rod like, leafy, green shoots or branches. The grey
green oblong tapered leaves are covered by silvery down and attached directly
at the root. It curls spirally. The flowers are small with blue violet colour.
They are arranged in 6 to 10 blossoms. The oil of the flowers radiates fragrant
scent.
The essential oil of
lavender flowers is extracted and used for various medicinal purposes, such as
a remedy for insomnia, anxiety, depression, and fatigue. Research findings
suggest that lavender gives calming, soothing, and sedative effects when we
inhale its scent.
32. In
which paragraph do you find the characteristics of lavender?
A. Paragraph
1.
B. Paragraph
2.
C. Paragraph
3.
D. Paragraph
4.
33. How
do people get lavender oil?
A. By
extracting it.
B. By
inhaling it.
C. By
mixing it.
D. By
drying it.
34. ".
. . is used as scent ingredients . . . ." (Paragraph 1) The synonym
of the underlined word is . . . .
A. perfume
B. wet
C. wash
D. dry
35. "They
are arranged . . . ." (Paragraph 3) What does the underlined word refer
to?
A. Essential
oil.
B. The
flowers.
C. The
lavender plant.
D. Medicinal
purposes.
36. The
text might be written by . . .
A. a
florist
B. a
surgeon
C. a
botanist
D. a
veterinarian
The following text is for questions 37 to 41.
Cats
Cats are carnivorous mammals. They are the most
popular pet and people often call them kitty or pussycat. Young cats are called
kittens, while their parents are often called queens (female cats) and toms
(male cats).
There are shorthair and
longhair cats. However, unspecified breeds are categorised as domestic
shorthair (DSH). Cats have extra lower back and thoracic vertebrae. Cats also
have distinct features. They have special free-floating clavicle bones that
attach forelimbs to their shoulder. These features allow cats to fit their
bodies and heads into any space.
Cats use different kinds
of sounds to communicate. They produce a wide range of sounds including
purring, meowing, growling, trilling, hissing, chirping, squeaking, clicking,
and grunting. The exchanged sounds are used by mother cats and her kittens to
communicate. They are also used between mating cats or to other species. Cats
also use different sounds and gestures to protect themselves and their
offspring. A mother cat can fight even a larger dog to protect her kittens. She
usually hisses furiously and gives frightening warning by showing her claws and
making her hair stand on end.
37. What
does the text tell us about?
A. How
cats communicate with each other.
B. How
cats hunt their prey.
C. Cats
in general.
D. Kinds
of cats.
38. What
does the last paragraph tell us about?
A. A
mother cat protects her kittens by fighting off the largest dog.
B. The
kittens and their mother cat communicate using sounds.
C. Cats
use various sounds to communicate.
D. The
fight between cats and dogs.
39. Why
can cats move their body flexibly?
A. Their
forelimbs are attached to their shoulder by the special free-floating clavicle.
B. Stalk
and pounce becomes their main method of hunting.
C. For
short distance, they are extremely fast.
D. They
have four long limbs and slender shoulder.
40. The
text would be useful for those who
A. like
adventurous experience
B. want
to know about plantation
C. are
learning about animals
D. love
travelling
41. They are also used between
mating cats . . . ." (The last paragraph) The underlined word refers to .
.
A. the
exchanged sound
B. mother
cats
C. mating
cats
D. the
kittens
The following text is for questions 42 to 47.
Leeches
Leeches are slimy worms which have two suckers.
The big one is placed at the rear and the smaller one at the mouth. The leeches
are able to expand their bodies since they have powerful muscles. Most leeches
eat blood of other creatures. By piercing its skin, a leech attaches its body
to the victim's skin and sucks the victim's blood. It secretes a material which
prevents the blood from clotting. The leech body will expand from its normal
size as it sucks the blood. It is hard to remove a leech, once it attaches
itself to your skin. You should put salt on it so that the leech falls off and
dies.
There is one species of
leech that sucks animals' blood by entering their breathing passages. Later,
the breathing passage will be completely blocked and make the victim suffocate.
In the past, people
believed that having too much blood inside the body may cause some diseases.
Then doctors would attach leeches on the patient's skin to suck the patient's
blood. In fact, some leeches were specially bred for this purpose.
42. How
many suckers does a leech have?
A. One.
C. Three.
B. Two.
D. Four.
43. What
happens when a leech sucks up the blood?
A. It
expands the victim's body.
B. It
makes the victim die.
C. It
lets the victim dry.
D. It
enlarges its body.
44. How
to take a leech off your skin?
A. By
dropping some water on it.
B. By
putting some salt on it.
C. By
cutting it off.
D. By
pulling it off.
45. ".
. . prevents the blood from clotting." (Paragraph 1) The synonym of
the underlined word is . . . .
A. thickening
B. enlarging
C. breaking
D. stopping
46. What
happens to the animal when a leech swells and blocks its windpipe?
A. It
stops breathing and dies.
B. It
gets terrible cough.
C. It
gets fever
D. It
is swollen.
47. What
is the last paragraph about?
A. How
a doctor died because of leeches.
B. The
use of leeches in medication.
C. The
way leeches suck blood.
D. The
danger of leeches.
The following text is for questions 48 to 51.
An earthworm uses its pointed head end to dig a
hole in the soil. It searches for loose soil and forces the soil apart. Slowly,
the worm draws the rest of its body until it disappears into the hole. The
earthworm has many narrow rings which enable it to change shape.
The earthworm will eat
the soil if it is too hard to be pushed aside. It opens up channels through
which air can enter by burrowing into the soil. Because of this, the soil will
be oxygenated. The roots of plants planted in that soil can breathe. In this
way earthworms act as gardeners and cultivators of the soil.
48. How
does an earthworm go through a small hole?
A. Its
body has many narrow rings to help it change shape.
B. Its
body has a very soft sponge that can change shape.
C. Its
body is very small and slim.
D. Its
body is tiny, long and slim.
49. Why
is an earthworm called a gardener? Because . . . .
A. it
plants many trees
B. it
makes the soil good for plants
C. it
has many plants near its burrow
D. it
makes the plants bigger and better
50. ".
. . by burrowing into the soil." (Paragraph 2) The underlined word
means .. . .
A. to
make a hole in the wall
B. to
have babies and take care of them
C. to
keep the nest in good condition for a long time
D. to
make a hole or a tunnel in the ground by digging
51. What
is the best title for the text?
A. The
kinds of earthworms.
B. The
habitat of earthworms.
C. The
breeding of earthworms.
D. The
benefit of earthworms for soil.
The following text is for questions 52 to 56.
Chameleons
Chameleons are mostly found in in Africa's,
southern Sahara desert. There are around various types of this species in the
world. The common chameleon ranges from the Middle East, along the northern
African coast to southern Spain.
This slow-moving lizard
hunts insects, its prey. They eat insects among trees and undergrowth. One of
its special features is its eyes. Both of its eyes are set in two conical
sockets. They can move independently of one another. This enables chameleons to
see in front with one eye and behind with the other.
Chameleons are popular
due to their ability to change their colour. A chameleon can change and match
its skin colour with the surroundings in order to disguise itself and is difficult
to spot among foliage. This is why we say a chameleon 'camouflages' itself.
When there is a fine
insect flying around it, it shoots out a long, sticky tongue to its target and
draws the insect back into its mouth.
52. How
many kinds of chameleons exist in the world?
A. More
than one hundred.
B. Seventy.
C. Ninety.
D. Eighty.
53. What
does a chameleon normally eat?
A. Fish.
B. Fruit.
C. Leaves.
D. Insects.
54. ".
. . difficult to spot among foliage." (Paragraph 3) The synonym of
the underlined word is . . . .
A. leaves
B. fauna
C. animals
D. reptiles
55. What
makes the eyes of a chameleon special?
A. Each
eye can move in a different direction at the same time.
B. Each
eye doesn't have the same colour.
C. They
are very huge and bright.
D. They
can change colour.
56. How
does a chameleon catch its prey?
A. By
shooting out its tongue.
B. By
cutting up its prey.
C. By
crushing its prey.
D. By
biting its neck.
The following text is for questions 57 to 61.
Robots
The word robot comes from the Czech word Robota
which means labour or work. A robot is known as a machine that does the work of
a human being.
Robots are usually used
to do repetitive work which requires high precision. For instance, robots are
used to produce cars. Later, robots may also perform surgical operations on
humans. A computer could direct the procedure with excellent precision.
Meanwhile, human surgeons could control the progress by monitoring the operation
on a large video screen.
Soon, robots may also do
household chores, such as sweeping and mopping. Robots may also be designed to
do dangerous jobs like cleaning the site of a nuclear accident.
57. What
is the word robot derived from?
A. Egyptian.
B. Russian.
C. Czech.
D. Greek.
58. What
is a robot usually used for?
A. To
make the workers work less and have more time to rest.
B. To
do repetitive tasks which require precision.
C. To
perform special acts imitating human beings.
D. To
give orders to the workers.
59. What
would a human being do when a robot does a surgical operation?
A. He
could ask the robot to report the progress.
B. He
could check the progress of the operation.
C. He
could be one of the volunteers.
D. He
could stand beside the robot.
60. ".
. . requires high precision." (Paragraph 2) The synonym of the
underlined word is . . . .
A. perfection
B. sanitation
C. accuracy
D. caution
61. What
is an example of a dangerous job that can be done by a robot?
A. Manufacturing
cars and other vehicles.
B. Cleaning
the site of a nuclear accident.
C. Helping
people work on a farm.
D. Controlling
the traffic.
The following text is for questions 62 to 66.
Hide-and-Seek
Almost all people around the world know
hide-and-seek. It has been a popular game for children since a long time ago.
Every nation has its own name. This game is known as petak umpet in Indonesia,
escondite in Spain, jeu de cache-cache in France, sumbaggoggil in South Korea,
and de-av-ati ascunselea in Romania.
To play this game, one
person is asked to close his or her eyes for about 20-25 seconds. And at the
same time, other people who join the game hide. After he or she has finished
counting, the seeker has to find the other players who are hiding. The first
hider who gets caught will be the seeker in the next round. On the other hand,
the last hider who gets caught will be the winner of the round. People can make
variations for the game to make it more entertaining. A hider making to the
home base without the seeker noticing makes the seeker become the seeker again
in the next round. This is one of the well-known variations in Indonesia.
62. The
text mainly tells us about . . . .
A. the
origin of a children game called hide-and-seek
B. how
hide-and-seek spread all over the world
C. what
hide-and-seek is and how to play it
D. the
kinds of hide-and-seek in the world
63. "A
hider making to the home base makes the seeker . . . ." (Paragraph
2) The underlined phrase is closest in meaning to a place where . . . .
A. people
live
B. the
seeker hides
C. the
seeker counts
D. the
hider and seeker live
64. What
does the second paragraph tell us about?
A. How
to play the game.
B. Where
the game is from.
C. The
variations of the game.
D. The
number of the players in the game.
65. After
he or she has finished counting" The underlined phrases refers to . . . .
A. The
hider
B. The
seeker
C. The
home base
D. The
one who does not play
66. Who
will be the seeker in the next roundbased on the second variation? The one who
. .. .
A. fails
to protect his/her home base
B. comes
to the home base safely
C. comes
to the home base first
D. finds
the seeker
The following text is for questions 67 to 71.
The Moon is the only natural satellite of the
Earth. The Moon is the second brightest object in the Earth's sky after the
Sun. The natural satellites of the other planets in the solar system are also
sometimes referred to as moons.
The Earth's Moon is now
known to be a slightly egg-shaped ball composed mostly of rock and metal. It
has no liquid water, virtually no atmosphere and is lifeless. The Moon shines
by reflecting the light of the Sun. Although the Moon appears bright to the
eye, it reflects on average only 12 percent of the light that falls on it. This
reflectivity of 0.12 is similar to that of coal dust. This reflectivity is
called albedo.
The temperatures on most
of the Moon's surface are too extreme for water or ice to exist, ranging from a
maximum of 127°C (261°F) at lunar noon to a minimum of —173°C (-279°F) just
before lunar dawn. Temperatures in permanently shadowed areas near the lunar
poles, however, may consistently be as low as —220°C (-364°F). Comets and
micrometeoroids that strike the Moon release gases that contain water. The
gases would form an extremely thin atmosphere that would then migrate to the
coldest regions of the poles and condense, forming ice that combines with the
lunar soil.
67. What
is the text about?
A. The
Sun.
B. The
Earth.
C. The
Moon.
D. Solar
system.
68. What
is the function of the text?
A. To
describe the Sun.
B. To
describe the Earth.
C. To
describe the Moon.
D. To
describe the solar system.
69. What
is the second paragraph about?
A. The
characteristics of the Moon.
B. The
categorisation of the Moon.
C. The
identification of the Moon.
D. The
temperature of the Moon.
70. "It
has no liquid water . . . ." (Paragraph 2) What does the underlined word
refer to?
A. Rock.
B. Metal.
C. A
ball.
D. The
Moon.
71. ".
. . then migrate to the coldest regions of the poles and condense . . .
." (Paragraph 3) What does the underlined word mean?
A. To
change from solid into gas.
B. To
change from gas into liquid.
C. To
change from liquid into solid.
D. To
change from solid into liquid.
The following text is for questions 72 to 75.
Dolphins
Dolphins travel together in groups in
the sea. (72) . . . can locate their prey using echolocation and often (73) . .
. for fish, squid, and shrimp. Dolphins also sleep with one eye open. Sometimes
humans use them in a pool show with other animals because they are (74) . . .
and intelligent. (75) . . . dolphins are harmless, children are not afraid to
get a kiss from them.
72. . .
.
A. They
B. She
C. He
D. It
73. . .
.
A. eat
B. hunt
C. catch
D. capture
74. . .
.
A. wild
B. fierce
C. friendly
D. ferocious
75. . . .
A. Although
B. However
C. Because
D. Though
